At the turn of the 20th century, Manila, the bustling capital of the Philippines, was a melting pot of cultural influences, thanks to its rich history of trade, colonial occupation, and an increasingly global perspective. This period marked a significant transformation in Filipino society, with changes that were especially reflected in the lives and fashion of Manila’s ladies. These women, navigating a path between tradition and modernity, embodied the grace, resilience, and evolving identity of the Filipino people.
Dressing and Fashion
The traditional “Baro’t Saya,” comprising a blouse (baro) and a long skirt (saya), remained a popular choice among Manila ladies. However, this period saw the garment evolve, incorporating elements of American and European fashion, such as puffed sleeves and intricate lacework, reflecting the Philippines’ status as an American colony from 1898.
The “Terno” emerged as a particularly iconic style, characterized by its butterfly sleeves and streamlined silhouette. This evolution represented not only an aesthetic shift but also a symbolic embrace of a new, modern Filipino identity, blending indigenous and foreign influences.
Accessories played a significant role in the fashion of Manila ladies, with elaborate jewelry, such as the “Tambourin” (a gold chain necklace with religious medallions and ornaments) and “Panuelo” (a decorative neckpiece), adding elegance to their attire. European hats and American-style shoes were also adopted, further illustrating the eclectic nature of early 20th-century Filipino fashion.
The lifestyle of Manila ladies during this era was significantly shaped by their social class and the prevailing American colonial influence. Upper-class women often received education in prestigious schools, where they learned not only academic subjects but also social graces, music, and the arts—skills that were highly valued in society.
