Ethiopia in 1955 was a country steeped in ancient traditions. It was also beginning to embrace modern changes. Emperor Haile Selassie ruled the nation. He had been in power for many years. His reign was a defining feature of the era. He sought to modernize the country.
Most Ethiopians lived in rural areas in 1955. They were farmers. They grew crops like teff, wheat, and barley. They also raised livestock such as cattle, sheep, and goats. Farming was the backbone of the Ethiopian economy. Daily life revolved around agriculture.
Many families lived in traditional houses called “tukuls.” These were round homes with thatched roofs. They were typically made from mud and wood. These homes were well-suited to the Ethiopian climate. They provided shelter from the elements.
In the cities, like the capital Addis Ababa, life was different. There were more modern buildings. There were cars and buses, though not many. Electricity was available, but not widespread. The pace of life was faster in urban areas. More changes were visible.
Education was becoming more available in 1955. Still, most children did not attend school. Those who did often had to walk long distances to get there. Literacy rates were low, especially in rural areas. The government was working to improve this situation. They wanted to build more schools.
The Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church played a central role in the lives of many. It was the dominant religion. Religious holidays and festivals were important events. People gathered to pray and celebrate. The church provided a sense of community.
Coffee was, and still is, an important part of Ethiopian culture. The coffee ceremony was a common social tradition. It involved roasting, grinding, and brewing coffee beans. It was a way to welcome guests. It was a time for conversation and connection. The ceremony could take hours.
