Cuenca is the Capital city of Cuenca province in the autonomous community of Spain. The city was a cultural and textile center in the Middle Ages. Over the course of the 19th century, the city grew into two cities: the upper, old city, and the lower, modern one near the railway from Madrid.
The 20th century began with the collapse of the Giraldo cathedral’s tower in 1902, which also affected the façade. Spanish architect Vicente Lámperez rebuilt it with two new twin towers at each end, unfinished without the upper parts. Cuenca has focused so much on the culture that it was recognized as a World Heritage Site in 1996. The city’s population and economy have grown in recent decades, the latter largely due to a growing tourism industry, and both of these growth factors have been fueled by improved road and train communications.