in

Post-Mortem Portraits: The Controversial Victorian Tradition of Capturing the Deceased on Camera

Victorian death photography is a practice that was popular in the 19th century, particularly during the reign of Queen Victoria, from 1837 to 1901. This type of photography involved taking photographs of deceased individuals, often to remember and preserve their memory. While it may seem macabre to modern sensibilities, Victorian death photography was a common practice at the time. It can provide us with a unique insight into the culture and customs of the era.

Background

Death was an ever-present reality in the Victorian era. Infant mortality rates were high, and many died young from diseases that are now easily treatable. Death was also more visible in Victorian society, with public executions and mourning rituals being common. This cultural fascination with death extended to photography, which was a relatively new technology at the time.

In the early days of photography, taking photographs was difficult and expensive. Therefore, many families only had one or two pictures of their loved ones, usually brought on special occasions such as weddings or christenings. When someone died, it was often the case that there were no photographs of them, which made it difficult for their loved ones to remember them. Victorian death photography offered a solution to this problem.

How It Was Done

Victorian death photography was done in various ways, depending on the family’s resources and the photographer’s expertise. Sometimes, the photographer would photograph the deceased person in their bed, surrounded by flowers and other decorations. This photograph type was often called a “deathbed portrait.” In other cases, the deceased person would be posed in a more elaborate setting, such as a chair or pedestal. The aim was to make the person look as lifelike as possible to be remembered as they were in life.

One of the techniques used to make the deceased look more lifelike was to prop them up with supports such as metal rods or stands. The photographer would then hide the supports with props such as cushions or drapery. This gave the impression that the person was sitting or standing naturally, even though they were deceased.

Another technique used in Victorian death photography was to paint the person’s eyes to make them look more alive. This was done by painting a thin layer of color on the eyes, usually blue or brown, to create the illusion of pupils. The lips and cheeks would also be rouged to make them look more vibrant.

Why It Was Done

The reasons for taking Victorian death photography varied. For some families, it was a way to remember their loved ones and to keep their memory alive. Death was an ever-present reality in Victorian society, and many people died young, so having a photograph of a deceased loved one was a way to ensure that they were not forgotten.

For others, Victorian death photography was a way to deal with the grief of losing a loved one. Posing the deceased person for a photograph was a way to say goodbye and acknowledge their passing. It was also a way to create a sense of closure and to move on from the loss.

Victorian death photography was also used as a way to document the deceased person’s appearance for legal or scientific reasons. For example, a photograph could be used as evidence in a trial if a person died under suspicious circumstances. Similarly, if a person dies of a rare disease, a photograph could be used to document the symptoms and help with medical research.

Controversy

Despite its popularity at the time, Victorian death photography was not without controversy. Some people believed it was disrespectful to the deceased person to take their photograph after they died. Others thought it was a macabre and morbid practice that should be discouraged.

There were several concerns raised about the practice of Victorian death photography. One of the main concerns was that it was seen as being disrespectful to the dead. Some people believed that photographing the deceased violated their dignity and that it went against religious and cultural norms surrounding death and mourning.

There were also concerns about these photographs’ impact on the living. Some critics argued that looking at pictures of the dead could be traumatic and distressing, particularly for grieving people.
In addition to these moral and ethical concerns, there were also practical issues surrounding the practice of Victorian death photography. For example, taking these photographs was expensive and time-consuming, which meant that it was only available to the wealthier members of society.

Victorian death photography gradually fell out of favor towards the end of the 19th century as photography became more accessible and affordable. The development of faster film and the introduction of handheld cameras meant that people could take more spontaneous photographs of their loved ones rather than relying on posed portraits.

Changing attitudes towards death and mourning also contributed to the decline of Victorian death photography. As the Victorian era drew to a close, there was a growing emphasis on private mourning and a move away from public displays of grief. This shift in attitudes meant less demand for photographs of the deceased, and the practice gradually fell out of fashion.

Here Bygonely has compiled a list of creepy portraits and photographs from the Victorian era posing with the deceased bodies.

#2 Mother and older sibling posing over a deceased infant.

#11 Deceased boy photographed with what was likely his favorite toy, a hoop and stick.

#12 The pain in these parents’ faces as they hold their dead child is obvious.

#14 Little girl held in a standing position. The photo is a cabinet card from Villisca, Iowa taken in 1890.

#16 The girl standing in the middle is the deceased.The photographer attempted to make her look more alive by drawing on her pupils.

#17 It was common for family members pose with their dead loved ones for these photographs

#19 There is just something about her eyes in this photo.

#20 The body of William T. Anderson who fought for the Confederacy during the Civil War.

#22 Post-mortem photo of Gen. Turner Ashby, a confederate cavalry commander in the American Civil War.

#24 The dead girl on the end is being propped up with a special device.

#25 Little girl sitting sideways on the chair, the device propping her up is hidden.

#26 Living man holding his dead wife.The pain in his is obvious

#29 In this photo the subject is more in focus than her parents, as they moved while the photograph was being taken.

#31 Sometimes, photographers would try to make it appear like the dead person was sleeping as in this photo.

#32 Dead girl is is lying on the floor of the parlor surrounded by family members.

#35 Cabinet card of a deceased young woman in her parlor by a Rome, NY photography studio, 1890’s.

#36 The text on the frame reads, “Miss Jeanette Glackmeyer, daughter whose above photo was taken 9 days after death. Mother could not part with only daughter.”

#37 Deceased girl, her eyes was painted before taking photograph.

#38 Cabinet card by Beniamino Facchinelli showing deceased infant, c.1890.

#41 Dead bodies used to look alive by the photographs

#42 Women sitting next to dead girl. These death portrait were meant to serve as mementos of the deceased loved one.

#44 A little girl sitting on someone’s lap. The person held her in place while the photo was taken.

#45 Imagine how difficult it must have been to pose with a dead loved one. Here is an example of what happens when people moved.

#47 Flowers and religious statues were often used as props in post-mortem photos.

#49 Deceased young woman is holding a small bible or testament.

#53 We’re nearer to the other shore since the baby died, 1899.

#54 A young girl on her deathbed surrounded by her family, 1860

#57 Sometimes it was impossible to make the subjects look alive as in this photo.

Sometimes it was impossible to make the subjects look alive as in this photo.

-1 Points
Upvote Downvote

#58 Cabinet cards were made available as photography progressed – multiple copies of the same image could be created and mailed to relatives.

Cabinet cards were made available as photography progressed – multiple copies of the same image could be created and mailed to relatives.

-1 Points
Upvote Downvote

#59 The dead boy was holded from behind the curtain.

The dead boy was holded from behind the curtain.

-2 Points
Upvote Downvote

#60 Boy posing with deceased boy wearing the same cloth.

Boy posing with deceased boy wearing the same cloth.

-2 Points
Upvote Downvote

#61 A mother covers her face while holding her dead baby.

A mother covers her face while holding her dead baby.

-9 Points
Upvote Downvote

#62 Dead men positioned as alive, photographer used his arm to support the head.

Dead men positioned as alive, photographer used his arm to support the head.

-10 Points
Upvote Downvote

#65 Photographers employed a variety of tricks to make their subjects look more life-like

Photographers employed a variety of tricks to make their subjects look more life-like

-15 Points
Upvote Downvote

#66 A tintype stand is used to help prevent movement.

A tintype stand is used to help prevent movement.

-22 Points
Upvote Downvote
Avatar of Aung Budhh

Written by Aung Budhh

Husband + Father + librarian + Poet + Traveler + Proud Buddhist. I love you with the breath, the smiles and the tears of all my life.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

11 Comments

Load more comments