GPS was invented to fire the missiles accurately and minimize the risk of collateral damage. US military asked American physicist Ivan Getting and Professor Bradford Parkinson to build such system. Their proposal was a network of radio transmitters, with each having an in-built clock. It was initially developed for use by the United States military and became fully operational in 1995. Civilian use was allowed from the 1980s. Ivan Getting invented the first Global Positioning System with the help and contribution of Bradford Parkinson and Roger L. Easton.